Massachusetts State Board Esthetics Practice Exam

What does a macule represent on the skin?

1. A raised bump with fluid

2. A flat discoloration, like a freckle

3. A painful red nodule

4. A large blister following an injury

The correct answer is: A flat discoloration, like a freckle

A macule is defined as a flat, distinct, colored area of skin that is usually less than 1 centimeter in diameter. It does not have any changes in the texture or thickness of the skin, which differentiates it from other skin lesions that may be raised or involve more significant surface changes. Examples of macules include freckles, liver spots, or other flat pigmented lesions. In contrast to the other options, a raised bump with fluid corresponds to a different type of skin lesion called a vesicle; a painful red nodule would be described as a papule or nodule, and a large blister is typically referred to as a bulla. Each of these terms has specific definitions that involve either elevation from the skin surface, the presence of fluid, or other characteristics that macules do not possess. Therefore, a macule specifically represents a flat discoloration, making this the correct and most accurate description of this skin feature.